The maritime industry is at a pivotal moment as it grapples with tightening environmental regulations and the urgent need to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. A recent study led by Ana B. Albo-López from the Department of Electrical Engineering at the University of Vigo sheds light on innovative strategies for Ro-Ro ships to cut emissions while docked at ports. Published in the Journal of Marine Science and Engineering, this research offers a fresh perspective on how ships can operate more sustainably by integrating onshore power supply (OPS) systems and battery technology.
The study highlights the staggering figures behind maritime emissions, noting that in 2018, ships in the European Union emitted around 140 million tonnes of CO2 while at berth. With the EU aiming for a 55% reduction in net emissions by 2030 and a climate-neutral stance by 2050, the pressure is on shipping companies to adapt. Albo-López emphasizes the urgency of the situation: “Given the need to comply with regulations, this article aims to analyze the measures that allow auxiliary engines to be stopped in Ro-Ro vessels in port to reduce their CO2 emissions.”
One of the key findings of the research is that incorporating batteries into Ro-Ro vessels can lead to significant cost savings compared to relying solely on OPS systems. The study found that using onboard batteries could save between 22% and 35% in annual costs, depending on the charging strategy employed. Notably, the most efficient approach involves using a shaft generator to charge the batteries during navigation, leading to a remarkable 35% savings. This not only reduces emissions but also enhances engine efficiency while the vessel is in transit.
On the other hand, the effectiveness of OPS systems varies greatly depending on local electricity prices and potential subsidies. For instance, while the Port of Vigo might see a 29% increase in costs with OPS, ports in the Balearic Islands could offer up to 82% savings due to substantial subsidies on electricity prices. This disparity highlights a commercial opportunity for ports to attract shipping companies by offering competitive energy pricing and incentives for cleaner operations.
When it comes to emissions, the study reveals that while using batteries can eliminate emissions while docked, the overall impact during navigation needs to be considered. The OPS system emerges as the superior option for emissions reduction across the entire route, achieving an impressive 81.7% reduction in emissions. Albo-López notes, “The defined methodology can be extrapolated to other ports, routes, and types of vessels, complementing it with real data on the operation of the vessels.”
As the maritime sector navigates this complex landscape, the implications of Albo-López’s research are profound. It opens up avenues for shipping companies to not only comply with stringent regulations but also to potentially lower operational costs. The integration of battery technology and OPS systems could very well set a new standard for sustainability in the industry, providing a competitive edge for those willing to invest in greener technologies.
By embracing these innovations, ports and shipping companies alike can position themselves as leaders in the transition to a more sustainable maritime future. The research clearly illustrates that with the right strategies, the maritime sector can significantly reduce its environmental footprint while also reaping financial benefits.
