A recent study led by Dongmin Shin from the Department of Smart Energy and Mechanical Engineering at Gyeongsang National University has shed light on a pressing issue in maritime safety: the stability of small fishing boats in challenging sea conditions. Published in the Journal of Marine Science and Engineering, this research tackles the vulnerabilities of a 9.77-ton fishing vessel to surf-riding and broaching, phenomena that can lead to catastrophic capsizing.
Every year, numerous fishing boat accidents occur, often resulting in tragic losses. According to statistics from the Ministry of Oceans and Fisheries in South Korea, these incidents predominantly affect smaller vessels. The study emphasizes that while engine failures and debris encounters are common, the real danger often lies in the boat’s stability when faced with waves. As Shin points out, “If the capsizing of a vessel can be predicted and avoided, the number of casualties due to accidents can be significantly reduced.”
The research employs the International Maritime Organization’s (IMO) Second Generation Intact Stability Criteria (SGISC), which were developed to address the shortcomings of earlier standards that didn’t account for the dynamic forces of waves. The study specifically evaluated three scenarios involving wave forces acting on the hull, revealing that the most accurate assessments come from considering multiple hydrodynamic factors. The findings indicate that the design margins for stability are ranked as (a) Froude-Krylov force plus a fixed mass, (b) Froude-Krylov force plus added mass, and (c) a combination of Froude-Krylov, diffraction forces, and added mass. This nuanced approach allows for a better understanding of how small fishing boats can be designed to withstand the rigors of the sea.
For the maritime sector, the implications of this research are significant. Fishing operators, shipbuilders, and regulatory bodies can leverage these insights to enhance vessel design and operational guidelines. By integrating the SGISC into the design process, shipbuilders—especially smaller yards that might not have robust R&D resources—can improve the safety and stability of their vessels. This could lead to reduced insurance costs, lower accident rates, and ultimately, a more sustainable fishing industry.
As Shin notes, “If we can check the changes in the stability of fishing vessels in operation and prepare for loss of stability, it will help reduce the number of capsizing accidents.” This proactive approach not only safeguards lives but also protects the livelihoods of those in the fishing industry.
In summary, the work published in the Journal of Marine Science and Engineering presents a vital opportunity for maritime stakeholders to rethink stability criteria and enhance the safety of small fishing boats. By embracing these findings, the industry can foster a safer, more resilient maritime environment.
