In a recent study published in “Results in Engineering,” researchers led by Hossein Seifi Davari from the Department of Mechanical & Marine Engineering at Chabahar Maritime University have tackled a pressing issue in the wind energy sector: the self-starting capability of Darrieus vertical axis wind turbines (VAWTs). As the world increasingly turns to renewable energy sources, improving the performance of VAWTs could open up significant opportunities, particularly in maritime applications.
While horizontal axis wind turbines (HAWTs) have taken the lead in commercial wind energy installations, VAWTs have lagged behind due to their less-than-stellar performance in low wind conditions. The research aims to bridge this gap by enhancing the self-starting abilities of Darrieus VAWTs, which are particularly suited for urban and maritime environments where wind conditions can be unpredictable.
One of the standout findings of the study is the performance of the NACA0015 airfoil, which demonstrated the highest peak power coefficient (Cp) among the various airfoils tested. “The NACA0015 airfoil exhibited the best performance, but we didn’t stop there,” Davari noted. The team utilized advanced computational tools, specifically a double multiple stream tube (DMST) code in MATLAB, to further optimize the airfoil’s design. By tweaking the thickness-to-camber ratio, they achieved a remarkable 12.50% increase in the maximum achievable Cp at a Reynolds number of 40,673.
The research also explored various modes of VAWT operation, comparing straight-bladed and embossed-bladed designs. The findings revealed that the modified NACA0015 airfoil used in embossed-bladed VAWTs showed superior self-starting capabilities, effectively rotating at wind speeds as low as 1 m/s. This is particularly promising for maritime applications, where wind speeds can fluctuate significantly. Davari explained, “The embossed material enhances airflow attachment to the VAWT and suppresses turbulence, which is crucial for self-starting.”
For maritime professionals, these advancements could translate into more efficient energy generation systems on ships, offshore platforms, and coastal installations. As the industry seeks to reduce its carbon footprint, incorporating advanced VAWT technology could provide a reliable source of renewable energy, even in challenging wind conditions.
This research underscores the potential of VAWTs, especially in environments where traditional wind turbines might struggle. With further development and commercial adoption, the findings from Davari and his team could pave the way for innovative wind energy solutions in the maritime sector, driving both sustainability and economic growth. As the world continues to embrace renewable energy, studies like this one highlight the importance of ongoing research and innovation in the field, showcasing the untapped potential of vertical axis wind turbines.
