In a significant stride towards decarbonizing the maritime industry, a novel onboard CO2 capture solution has been proposed by lead author Dhanaraj Turunawarasu, whose affiliation is not specified. The study, published in the journal ‘Chemical Engineering Transactions’ (which translates to ‘Chemical Engineering Transactions’ in English), offers a practical pathway for LNG-powered ships to meet the International Maritime Organization’s 2030 and 2050 decarbonization targets.
The research introduces an integrated system that combines oxy-fuel combustion with a Turbo-Expander-based Cryogenic Distillation Technology (CryoDT). This approach leverages the cold energy from onboard LNG and low-purity oxygen or Crude Liquid Oxygen (CLOX) derived from a simplified Air Separation Unit (ASU). By increasing CO2 partial pressure through oxy-fuel combustion, the system effectively eliminates the formation of solid CO2 and reduces the need for external utilities.
One of the key advantages of this system is its compact and energy-efficient design. The study employed process simulations using Aspen HYSYS and P-HENS to generate several feasible heat exchanger networks. Among these, a compact, low-cost design that minimizes Total Annualized Cost (TAC) from utility energy consumption and heat transfer area was selected for its spatial and operational benefits.
The results are promising, with the system achieving a 35% reduction in energy penalty and a capture efficiency of 92% when using 80 mol.% oxygen purity. “This integrated approach offers a highly compact, energy-efficient and practical pathway for onboard CO2 capture, tailored to maritime constraints,” the study notes.
For maritime professionals, this research presents a significant opportunity to reduce greenhouse gas emissions while maintaining operational efficiency. The compact design of the system is particularly advantageous for ships with limited space, making it a viable option for a wide range of vessels.
Moreover, the reduction in energy penalty and high capture efficiency can lead to substantial cost savings in the long run. As the maritime industry continues to face increasing pressure to reduce emissions, this technology could play a crucial role in helping shipowners and operators meet regulatory requirements and contribute to global decarbonization efforts.
In summary, the study by Turunawarasu offers a practical and efficient solution for onboard CO2 capture, addressing the unique challenges of the maritime sector. As the industry moves towards a more sustainable future, this technology could become a key player in the transition to cleaner shipping.